Collection of a sputum sample from the patient for diagnostic purposes.
Objective:
– To obtain a sputum sample of sufficient quantity and quality for analysis.
Equipment:
– Tray. – Equipment necessary for the aspiration of secretions.
Material:
– Non-sterile gloves. – 1 Identification label. – Mouthwash. – 1 sterile container. – Laboratory request form. – Necessary material for the aspiration of secretions. – Nursing records.
Procedure:
– Perform hand washing. – Prepare the material. – Preserve the patient’s privacy. – Inform the patient of the procedure. – Ask the patient and family to cooperate. – Put on disposable gloves.
If the patient is conscious: explain the collection technique:
1. It is to be collected in the morning and placed in a sterile bottle. 2. Instruct the patient to brush his teeth and gargle with some mouthwash. 3. Make the patient cough. 4. If coughing fails to produce a sample. Make the patient breathe a warm mixture of distilled water and saline. – If the patient is unconscious, intubated, with tracheostomy or unable to cough and expectorate, proceed to aspirate secretions. Aseptic technique. Collect sputum by means of a collection system connected to an aspiration tube. – Leave the patient in a comfortable position. – Remove the material. – Identify bottle and send to the laboratory with the request. – Remove gloves. – Wash hands. – Record in the nursing documentation: procedure, date and time, incidences and patient’s response.
Observations:
– Cytological study of sputum: can be serial (3 sputums in 3 consecutive days). Prepare the bottles with 50% alcohol. It can be kept in the refrigerator until it is sent to the pathological anatomy. – Microbiological study: collected in sterile bottles. Extreme asepsis measures. Keep the sample in the refrigerator.[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section]
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